Hi look what? I just scored I Got a Lroy 93 84c 1 GHz analog bandwidth scope four channels uh, 4 gig samples per second maximum if you do a single channel uh, 400k points memory as you can see up here and it's uh, not a bad scope at all. It's um about a 12E um old model and uh, it does have some physical damage to it on the side which I'll show you but uh, hopefully fingers crossed will power it up and uh, it should at least uh, maybe, um, hopefully work. But anyway, we'll see and we'll do a uh tear down of it as well. Now now if you don't know, Lroy Scopes They're part of the big three in quote marks um, oscilloscope manufacturers.

There's Lroy, Tectronics and Adelin of course. and uh, Lroy have always. they like pioneered a lot of the digital Scopes out there. They've always had huge sample memories and um, very fast uh acquisition um rates and High analog bandwidths and they're one of the three big major manufacturers out there.

Before a lot of the smaller companies started to be able to do 1 gig sample per second and the higher Uh bandwidth you know, the 300 to 500 MHz and even 1 GHz these days. But uh, these Lacroy Scopes aren't nearly as popular um on the secondhand Market as the Um Agilant and the Tex of course. But if you're if you're after a um, high bandwidth uh High sample rate high, a deep memory uh scope, you can pick up some decent Bargains if you search for Lroy uh Scopes cuz they're not nearly as popular. Um, now as you can see, this one's got some uh screen burning here.

It looks, um, fairly fairly bad actually. in terms that you can see the uh waveform, you know you can see the um, the waveform graticule there. You can see the menus all sort of burnt in over here. that's a bit nasty.

That's something to watch out for if you're buying these. um, secondhand scop. But anyway, uh I thought we'd uh Power It Up see if it f still works fingers crossed and do a tear down which should be quite exciting. Let's go now.

as you can see, there's uh, some damage here on the uh left hand side and uh, this uh bracket here. this internal bracket is fallen out of here I guess they'd have a similar one up there which looks like it just holds the uh front panel on. but I don't know if it's been, uh, dropped or or what you know Transit damage or what the hell's going on there end. but um, anyway, there is some damage and if you have a look on the side here, it's got a nice carry strap, but there are starting to appear the odd crack down in there.

So yeah, it's not looking. uh, it's not looking that. uh, sturdy. at least on the um outside case.

Maybe the plastic is a bit brittle? I Don't know, Maybe it's had a tough life. Now you can see the floppy drive up here on the top. I Am not a fan of these at all. They're just huge dust collectors.

You just get dust in there and it all falls down in a floppy. Drive I Don't like that design aspect at all now. I'm definitely not a huge fan of the layout of these lacroy uh, scops. but they do at least have them separated time base and Trigger has its own setting there.

the channels. There's no separate um, vertical, uh, attenuation control for each. Channel You got to select the channel and then do your volts. uh per Division and you're trying per division, you know, little tiny knobs I Don't know I much prefer bigger ones and yeah, know there's no color coding or anything like that that you get on more modern Scopes But anyway, it's you know it's a Lroy and on the back here, we've got an old school Centronics parallel interface.

We've got the card with the Rs232 serial and the even older school um I E 48 Gpib interface and the third uh, expansion things unpopulated. Huge fan on it and uh, as you can see right down the bottom here: Beauty Made in the US of A and the manufacturing date 7th of May 99. Uh, just over 12 years old and so in that sort of time you would expect. Um, you know there's a fairly good chance that it would still work unless it's been physically abused or something like that.

I Reckon the odds are fairly good for a 12-year-old scope. All right, let's power it up and see if she works. one of the annoying things about these: Scopes No front power switch at all. You got to reach around the back here and uh, flick the big mechanical clunker.

Here we go it. It tripped my looks like it trip my Earth leaking circuit breaker. A brilliant. Give it another go, shall.

We There We go. No problems at all. Do we get anything on the screen? It's beeping. Yeah.

there we go. We got something more a time date. Whoa. There we go.

It's at least powered up. it's giving us some garbage on the Uh on the vertical there I Don't know what all that is, but anyway, it's at least booted now. I've gone into the menu here and turned up the waveform intensity and the grid intensity. waveform intensity 100% grid intensity 90 and you can still see the ghosting is a bit of a pain in the butt, but it's you know it, it.

It's sort of. Some of the text is sort of washed out and it's not as bright as it could be, but hey, you know it, it's still completely View even with the um, uh burned in display. Well, it's popped up with multiple calibration failures so it looks like it has, uh, some sort of, you know I Almost got to the point where I had a had at least there we go, there, we go. at least we've got some ground signal up there, but you get these pulses in here and I've got, you know I disconnect that there's no signal going in there at all.

And yeah, it's just garbage popping up and I seem to get that on all four channels. What a bummer. Would have we expected at least one channel to work, but of course, if you get the same fault across all four channels, then that's probably not a bad thing cuz it indicates maybe there's something else common between all the four. like maybe there's a power supply, uh, issue or uh, something like that instead of just one.

Um, you know somebody's overloaded one acquisition Channel and blowing the crap out of it or something. Um, it. It indicates that there's something else going on there now in the utilities. uh.

menu here I can't find any um Diagnostics uh stuff. really. it seems to just or do sort of like Auto calibration tests all the time. Um, so I You know there's no real diagnostic thing that I can uh find I don't want to have to read the manual? That' be defe now there.

One interesting thing you'll note is that it doesn't have uh, the the traditional um uh, Spade uh lug terminal for the calibration output. It's got a proper BNC and you can actually get that calibration output. via the software uh menu to do uh, other various things. you can get it to Output pulses and different frequencies and stuff like that which is rather quite nice and uh, of course the um, the external inputs on the front and the fourth uh channel here.

as you can see, they don't have um it looks like in these model Lro I'm not sure about the uh, more modern ones off hand, but um, they've got like a separate connector here for the Um interface for the Uh external probes in whereas the other uh Tech and your Um agulate ones seem to have the Um just the pins around the outside of the BNC connector. but they've got a physically a separate connector there. but it all plug in is the one Uh unit though. and here I'm feeding in a 5V uh 10 khz sine wave and I am getting my sine wave but the vertical seems to be all over the shop uh whereas before I was on 1 VT per division before and it was showing like you know 5V amplitude but now it's just Dro back down cuz it it seems to go through this um Auto calibration um thing every so often and uh and and as you can see, it's getting those those pulses on there those little glitches that go all the way down.

so this oh there we go I just changed it by one setting to.5 Vols per Division and it's all over the shop. There we go. it's back to that uh 1 V per division so it you know it's it. looks like data is getting through the vertical Channel but the trigger doesn't uh, seem to work and all.

And let's try the auto setup. if we just go bang, press the auto the evil Auto setup button and uh, let's see if it can do anything and actually detect that signal and trigger on. ADC Failures I Just saw a little message there 8 ADC files or maybe that was eight channel 8 ADC is failing but oh check that out, look at that. That's rather interesting.

So I seem to got it to a point where it is actually true. trigger in I can get the start of the trigger level over here. there's the there's the trigger level there. but check out that acquisition problem where it just bang.

it just sort of re synchronizes and does something weird there that's bizarre. I've never seen anything like that before. now. One interesting thing here is that you can set up single jeel or quad uh grids on the screen like that so it's split that into two separate Uh displays or four separate displays like that.

Very nice. There you go. I'm feeding the same thing into three channels and we're getting that same glitch across the three different uh waveforms. Like that, I'll do the fourth one and uh bang We get the same the same effect down there, so it looks like it's uh, it's uh, totally consistent and the vertical plays around a lot.

You change it and it doesn't scale correctly and things like that. but at least it's consistent across all four channels. which, uh, might make, uh, troubleshooting a bit easier, perhaps. And by the way, the fan on this thing is damn loud.

It's about 3B past annoying. So there you go. That's one real sick puppy we've got here. but uh, I don't think I'll play around with it much longer.

I Want to crack this sucker open? So you know what we say here on the EV blog? Don't turn it on. Take it apart now. It looks like this top lid here is just going to pop straight off based on these four screws here. and Tada And here's the inside.

That lid popped off real easy with four screws. We've got our floppy drive over here via ribbon cable to, uh, one of these, um, expansion cards here, so we can easily looks like we can easily disconnect that. And here's the insides of it. It's uh, fairly, surprisingly, uh, open.

actually. There's one huge main board on the bottom, which is, uh, all shielded here, with heat sinks poking out of it. The CRT is exposed and the rear board's all exposed there. That's the CR uh driver board on the front there.

We've got our power supply over here in its own. um, it's a huge DC power supply. but considering that this thing um is rated for like 350 WS uh maximum. that's got to be a 350 W uh capable power supply with got a main up processing board over here which will take a look at the very short little uh expansion uh boards here and uh, that's about it.

So let's take a closer look and that's the CRT driver board and it's rather unusual. I Think that it's actually uh bolted to the front panel like that and it does look like the entire uh front panel assembly with the CRT and that uh board just uh, pulls off. So I guess you could say it's actually uh, quite neat design aspect. in that case that the whole that the CRT with its um, with its control board and all of its wiring you can just U looks like you can flip all of that uh front panel uh, completely off so that you can work inside the scope and you don't have to disconnect um, any high voltage or touch any high voltage stuff at all.

So I rather like that I find it unusual, but I rather like it TDA Look at that. I Think that's really rather clever. I Like it. That's just fantastic that you can take out the front panel with the CRT and its driver board like that and just put it aside and work on your scope.

That's just great design. I Love it. But not only that though, because there's only two little uh, there's only two ribbon cables on the side here which actually Connect into it. There's no other uh, power cables at all.

You can actually um, still swing it out and looks like you can still connect them in there. so you can work on the scope in here while still having the display active uh out there and plugged in. Let's just get an air duster in there and blow some of this out. And if you look down on the four uh 1 GHz bandwidth vertical channels down here, you can see all the little uh trimmers available um through the shield in here.

That's rather neat. I like it. and they've made a cut out there for the little uh, freestanding heat sinks. Uh, it looks like for as part of the analog or trigger circuitry.

and uh, they've got more cutouts here for these. uh, rather large uh heat sinks here. and it looks like there's some really wicked looking hybrids in there. You can see that ceramic uh substrate in there.

You see that? see that white CER that that looks like a big ceramic uh hybrid. huge, um, multi pin. It looks like a big duel in line hybrid with a massive heat sink stuck on the top. There's another heat sink stuck on top over there that might be the processor or something like that Some more uh, heat sinks in here, so it's this beasty.

generates a fair bit of heat, or at least some fairly inefficient. uh TW you know, 15 12 year old uh processing Grunt in here and that noisy fan I spoke about looks like you know, really easy standard fan, easy to get in there, and uh, change it to a quiet one. If you had a scope like this, that's one of the first things I'd be doing is putting in a nice silent fan for it. And there's the Uh vertical expansion boards there for the Seral, the Um, Gpib, and the parallel on there all connected via a daisy chain ribbon cable through to the main processor board here and we' got some uh, decent Mains filtering there on the input and the huge switch mode power supply.

here. it all comes out in one ribbon cable assembly, which goes down to a big, uh, big main connector on the board so you can just whip that out and pull the power supply out. It's rather modular. What this spare cable is coming out here, your guess is as good as mine.

It's uh, being cable tied up like that unused. I Don't know, maybe for some optional uh thing, but I think this is the highest end model in this particular Series So go figure. and it looks like this processor card here just lifts straight out of here. There's a uh if as long as you undo this uh, ribbon cable down in here, there we go bang.

Just pop straight out and this main processor board looks fairly old school. It's got a Motorola um MC uh 68 106830 embedded uh controller here with a uh float with an 80 bit floating Point co-processor Awesomely old school I Love it. So the floating Point processor here does all the uh, math uh capabilities which these Lacroy Scopes are famous for having their math uh, capability and stuff like that. So and we've got an Intel flash here.

It looks like we've got some sort of custom Lroy device here. I have uh, no idea what that is. Um, it's got some uh, memory here and but there you go. we've got a, um, a dam uh slot here, a spare Dam slot up the top here.

uh, isn't populated on this one. All these ones with stickers, they little uh gals or Pals or something like that I figure um, they've got quite a few of those on the board. we've got. uh, back back battery there.

We've got a can here. we'll try and pop the shield off. that and some discreet logic down here to handle the Pcmc Ia adapter. and underneath that Shield there's a custom Lroy um, large scale integration Asic some sort of BT device here running with its own local clock.

but uh, these ones, um, go off to the display. This is probably the display uh, processor. cuz these two, uh, go off to the display board. It seems to be a little bit of Gunk around uh, the base of that, the corner bottom corner of that Tan in there.

but I think it's yeah, it's just some uh, looks like just some dust and yep, that cleaned up just fine. Nothing wrong there. There was also a little bit of uh that down on the bottom here, which all the dust that had actually accumulated inside. but apart from that, it's actually, uh, a pretty clean board.

I don't uh I don't mind it at all. It looks pretty good. It looks like there's no obvious issues on there. There's no electrolytic uh caps.

um, that can fail. There's a few uh, tanms. Of course the tanms can fail, but um, the actual uh. But because the main uh display is working and the processing's working I'm um, you know you can be fairly confident that there's probably not going to be anything wrong with this main uh processor board.

It's got to be on the main board in the rest of the unit now. I Found a fair bit of this, uh, this, uh, dust. this accumulated, um, black dust sort of uh w between the base of the PCB and the um, uh and the metal case. So I'm just going to probe that to see if it's at all uh, conductive.

just uh. just curious. I'm reading nothing on my meter. There's nothing there.

but still, you never know. It's worth checking for stuff like that. and that's where some of that accumulated, uh dust was found. sort of there.

There it is. you can see it. Uh, you see it there. and there's Ic's directly under there, so that's not not particularly nice.

It needs a little bit of a clean and that power supply popped out real easy too. Just a single screw on the side of the case and a single screw on the back and you disconnect the two power connectors and that's it. But uh, take a look inside this thing. Here's all that accumulated, horrible accumulated dust.

Uh, not terribly surprising that it tripped my Earth leakage circuit breaker just a bit and that really is some horrible stuff in there. It's just. ah, it's all accumulated. Look at it.

Yuck. it needs I need to take the cover off that and really give it a good uh blowout with the air duster. And there's the ineds of that switch mode power supply. and there's a whole bunch of uh Gunk that's accumulated up here.

but it's mostly um, on this end here. That's what'll usually happen. Most of will actually accumulate on the one end because air will be forced through a certain way. Okay, I've cleaned that up and I'm much happier.

So let's go on a bit of a visual tour for those power supply effici andad and the power supply is made by a company called Integrated Power Design made in the US OFA Now to get this start top metal cover off. it looks like it's uh attached? well it's you can uh, disconnect the back here and that sort of hinges up and it's held with the looks like it's held with these bunch of whole bunch of Phillips screws on top here which hold down some of the shields here on the Uh ADC front end by the looks of it. so let's take these off and see if it just lifts straight off. Now the screws on top here are really quite long and they go penetrate all the way through into the bottom block and you can see the shielded Uh blocks in there.

which is no surprise. it's got a 1 GHz uh front end so you really want some decent shield in there. so it goes all the way through those two blocks on both sides of the PCB and it's fairly easy to guess what these four high ceramic hybrid packages are in here. There's no surprise that there's uh, four of them.

uh, that they're obviously the hybrid analog to digital uh converter for each. uh Channel But why um, Channel 1 and Channel 2 here has a much smaller heat sink than these to I don't know. I Guess it was a bit of a compromise that the power supply had to fit uh along here and they just found that they had to lower these heat sinks just to fit the power supply in. and it was probably good enough.

So they thought, oh, we'll put a beefier one on here and uh, well, that's what they've done. Clearly, they put larger heat sinks on these and smaller ones here because these are obviously, uh, duplicated um across all four channels. it's coming out Tada There it is. and and that's just a beautiful integrated design with the metal work.

They've got the Uh shielding here between the Uh channels on the input and the Uh. So we've got the four analog, um, Uh channels here with some hybrid uh action there. We've got our Um trigger, external trigger here, and our calibration and it separates Uh shields in between all of those brilliant I Like it, we've got our four, uh, clearly analog to digital uh converter hybrids over there. We've got a clock isolator over here and we go and looks like we got sample memory up here.

By the looks of it, it's a really nice bit of system design I Love it. And once again, we got more of that crap that's blowing in all along here. by the fan, it's just. ah, crud, We're going to have to clean all that out.

Well, where do you start with this board? Well, let's do a visual fly over and let's take a look at the Uh sample memory. They' got two boards here uh to share the four channels. So there's obviously uh, two channels per board and there's um, eight channel, eight chips? uh, per Channel cuz there's um, eight on the top and eight on the bottom. So, and these are, uh, Tashiba 32k, um, highspeed? uh, srams.

So there, um, that means there's 256 um K per uh channel of the scope and they've got some bulk tanum decoupling up here as you'd expect. Um, and they've got these, um, highspeed, um, uh, board to board interfaces as well. And there's some, uh, looks like there's some extra memory under here and oh, hey, that looks like a bodgy mod wire. Let's check it out.

and they' got some 74 ABT uh logic there. and they've got a mod wire on that. Then theyel it down, gobbed it down. So I love this sort of thing.

There's a few Uh mods throughout this scope, actually, and if you look carefully at these connectors, you'll find that they're not actually solded. They're just a, um, a, uh, spring terminal press fit, uh type connector. And here's the ceramic hybrid uh, analog to digital converter and it's a dead giveaway. It's a H, which, obviously, well, presumably stands for hybrid an log to digital converter 61-80 That's probably an internal proprietary thing, probably uh, spun internally by Lroy or uh, or I Don't know who would actually, uh, manufacture this, but interestingly, they've um, each one's got a handwritten number on it.

So um, these are probably individually uh tested and they may be even uh Bend as well to uh, match them. uh, to match the performance or the timing or whatever between um, the all four channels on this particular scope cuz uh, they do have uh, different numbers. One over here has uh number 54, 104, 56, 140 and of course that's not really. uh, surprising.

you'd expect that in these. uh, really high performance uh 1 GHz uh type uh Scopes that uh, they would actually, um, individually been and match these analog to digital converters for this particular scope. You know, there's probably some wise old guy with a gray beard there. He Strokes his beard and sticks his tongue out at the right angle and tests and and measures each one and then WIS them individually and that's what you're paying for.

I'll tell you what. I'm not keen on these freestanding to 220s that can just wiggle. uh, vibration is a big problem for this. uh, sort of.

Mount I'm surprised they've uh, done that and they've done them. and there's another one over here which is, uh, bent to an angle. At least these ones have heat sinks attached to them and uh, there's another couple over here which they have heat sinks. um, but they are actually solded down one side so that's not too bad.

But come on, the standing to 220s Not acceptable and they've got a 10 mahz uh txo or a temperature uh compensated uh Crystal oscillator in there. um and this metal can I can't get that off. It looks like it's solded down in a couple of Corners I might have a go, but um I think it might be solded in um I I Would guess that maybe is the phase lock loop that um takes your 10 MHz and UPS it to your Uh. sample rate required High sample rate required for the analog to digital converters.

That'll be my guess anyway. but uh, if you got a better guess, let me know. And they've got a DAC 8800 one between two hybrid modules and that's a Um octal 8bit uh digital to analog converter. So they obviously need uh, four dacks there per uh analog channel for some reason offset and uh, possibly things like that.

And that's supported by a couple of Uh LF 347 Op amps. And there's another huge quad flat pack on the uh top side of the analog to digital Uh hybrid. once again, one for each uh Channel and I can't look at the number on that. They got the heat sink well and truly, uh, stuck on there the bastards.

and there's a couple of Uh trimmers in there as associated with uh, each one up there and what their function is. Well, your guess is as good as mine. My guess is that it's uh, some sort of custom uh glue logic. Um, from the ADC into the uh sample memory just by its um, physical placement there, you can tell that uh, you know these things are.

The operation of these things is fairly obvious I mean you got your analog to dig I mean sorry, you got your front end over here which then flows into your analog to digital uh converter for each Channel and then this is um, some sort of custom gate array which I don't know um, you know buffers and does whatever. it does some uh Magic in there and it stores it's some sort of memory controller or something and uh, then it stores it in the Um high-speed SRAM up here and it's obviously got some sort of memory controller in it cuz not only does it have to um handle writing the data to here, but it also um has to handle uh, reading the data back out for the main uh, the main software processor which then displays the data on the screen so it's got to have that uh, dual path um access and it would also have some smart logic which uh, ties the sampling between channels because you can actually with these lroy, uh, Scopes or this particular model. Anyway, you can, actually, um, choose if you're only using one channel, you can, um, actually, uh, store the samples across all four Uh channels and you can, uh, get a four-fold increase in your sample rate as well if you're only using one channel. So these Uh controllers probably handle all that sort of stuff.

And if you have a look around uh, this part. We've got these Uh Thesis brand chips as well. and if you remember before, we actually, uh, saw that on the Uh processor controller board, that's a um Th 4 1 this is a Th 4022 and this is a Th106 I Have no idea what they uh do, but there obviously are custom Lroy Uh branded parts. Once again, we've got some uh G/ Power uh devices here and some other miscellaneous logic and this device here in a fairly old school Plcc uh package.

that's uh, probably some sort of local processing would be my guess and this is our calibration waveform generator um section. They got some voltage negative voltage Regulators here as you'd expect and they've got some analog switches here by the looks of it, and some Op amps and that's you know, pretty much what you'd expect in a basic Uh waveform generator. And here's the top half of our external Uh trigger circuitry. It's got its own Um oscillator.

It's got its own Crystal here 14.31 mahz and uh, quite a few. um, Ic's here with heat sink stuck on them so I can't exactly see what those are. but uh, this is the external trigger circuitry and this is the bottom half of it here. We got a Dg508 uh multiplexer there and um, just some miscellaneous stuff and once again, we got uh, a couple of bodge resistors on here.

As you can see, they've uh, had a little tweak there. oops and there's a fair bit of discreet stuff around there as you'd expect. and the rest of it is just uh, Maxers and um Op amps and things. things like that.

There's a trimmer cap in there, but I guess there's a um Fair bit going on inside those Uh devices. under the heat sinks. there's an Analog Devices ad 705 bipolar Jfet Op Amp, and towards the center here we got a couple of more uh trim pots, another device I don't know what it is, and a little uh Riser board here with a couple of passive components and a So 23. And there's two uh mou resistors actually paralleled up on there.

and there it is. I Just love this classic bodge stuff. It's brilliant. And of course we have the Lroy uh, custom hybrid here.

uh, you know, who knows it's you know, some sort of highspeed differential Um amp or something like that and it's actually uh, clipped down onto the board here. Um, not sure why they've done that. Got a DG 202 analog switch here, and um, up here we've got an LM 339. Old school, terrific stuff, and this is rather curious.

a Uln 23 Darlington transistor array. That's a last thing I Would have expected to see uh in something like this. some 74 series logic up here. a couple of um, uh .1 in uh pin headers I'm not sure what they're doing another Analog Devices uh device and well, that's about it for the Uh 1 GHz front end unless there's something on the bottom side which we can't see from here.

and if you take off a whole bunch of screws on the top of the board Bingo it just uh comes out and we can access the bottom side of it. Looks like there's some coaxes on there and there's the bottom of the baseboard and I'm uh, quite surprised to see these uh coaxes what these are I have no idea your guess is as good as mine. Uh, we've got a couple of coaxes up here going into channels um 2 and three and why they going to two and three and not 1 and four as well I Got no idea and uh, there's a bunch of miscellaneous C cry across here which um lines up with the hybrid um, analog to digital uh converter modules and that's the bottom part of that uh memory uh management chip I guess ASC I guess you could, uh, call it on the top side. they got some bulk uh D coupling there and a few other uh, passives and there's also a um I don't know what that device is there, but it's um, probably some sort of uh driver or something like that, perhaps.

and the bottom of each ADC hybrid has got a whole bunch of passives. plus uh, these Ic's there function unknown, um, and once again, that bridges over into the uh many memory management uh device here, so that indicates that that is, um, some sort of uh driver or something like that, perhaps? Um, Now if you take a look over here and here's the analog front ends 1 through 4, the base of them and the eight hybrid adcs here. and you can clearly see the serpentine uh differential pair traces here. and this uh Trace here would be coming out of the final differential uh buffer amplifier which would drive it into the ADC that would be the ADC uh driver and this Trace here would uh, precisely match the length of this Trace here and the other traces on the other channels so that your Uh skew so that your timing or your skew between channels is as near to identical as you can get the bottom side of each analog Uh channel here.

NIS high quality Uh relays in there. so there are all the relays you can he go click, click click click when you power the thing on or when you uh, change ranges and auto range and um, this is what the clips, uh, hold on to underneath that hybrid Uh module in the Um front end and you can see clearly that it is actually a uh, a circular heat sink like that. They've put those ridges in there to help with the Uh to help increase the surface area for the power dissipation. So there may even be a hole on the bottom side of that board.

Uh, that would be my guess. A hole on the Um back side of that Uh chip and that uh, heat syn would actually contact directly through to the device. Perhaps either that or it's got some uh, thermal Vas in there. A whole bunch of you know, dozens and dozens of thermal vs to actually connect the bottom of the device.

which would be the thermal pad through the heat sink on the bottom side. And we got another bodge resistor over here going towards the processor. uh board. No idea what it is.

Probably a pull up or pull down or something. They probably found some erratic Behavior or something like that after they designed the thing and go. Ah, we'll fix it. We'll just whack it.

a pull up or a pull down. She'll be right. So there you go. That was a rather interesting, uh, tear down.

Now what I want to do is, actually, um, attempt to troubleshoot this and find out what's wrong with it. Now there's um, yeah. First thing uh you're going to look for is any physical, uh, damage. Nothing seems to be, uh, blowing up overheated? Um, there's no capacitor leakage.

There's no capacitor uh, bulges here to indicate those caps are gone so you know it's I There's no physical um, signs at all, so it's got to be something electrical I think perhaps um, or something that has failed that's obviously that hasn't manifested itself as a physical. F Now looking over this board, there's one thing that I don't find and that's any uh test points and especially any uh labeled test points like voltage. Uh test points I mean these are you know I can measure these voltage Regulators here and I will uh, do so but um, yeah, there's just no, you know I expected. It' be nice to see just a bunch of connectors and bunch of test points there saying okay, measure here for 5 Vols for 3.3 make sure it's all hunky dory, but there's not.

so uh, I don't see anything labeled on the power supply either. so I'm just going to have to suck it and see.