Inside the classic retro Sinclair ZX Spectrum computer from the 1980's
Was supposed to be part of the previous Mailbag video, but Dave is an SEO keyword whore, so it gets it's own video.
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Was supposed to be part of the previous Mailbag video, but Dave is an SEO keyword whore, so it gets it's own video.
Forum: http://www.eevblog.com/forum/blog/eevblog-557-retro-sinclair-zx-spectrum-computer-teardown/'>http://www.eevblog.com/forum/blog/eevblog-557-retro-sinclair-zx-spectrum-computer-teardown/
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Lucky last comes from Australia from Anonymous Too bad if it got lost, they never would have got it back. Oh well. so uh, here we go from Australia not Austria let's have a look. what do we got? Oh look at this, look at this.
ah Sinclair Clive Sinclair woohoo the Sinclair ZX Spectrum Brilliant! I'm sure this is bringing back a lot of memories for uh, those vintage computer. Buffs So I'm going to save this for a tear down Tuesday it will be have another vintage tear down but uh, it's got a date on there anyway. made in the UK fantastic Suli Sinclair and the Sinclair ZX Spectrum I wonder if it works I don't know but uh I've never never actually used one I don't think they were that huge here anyway. oh yeah I don't think this is working at all cuz there's no 9vt uh Power Jack in there.
but uh yeah, we got some uh cartridge expansion here, microphone, earphone and TV composite output. really bare bone stuff. but this thing you know, as with all Sinclair stuff built down to a price does the Bare Basics and uh well. it was quite popular for its day and um, probably of the largest selling computers in the UK if I'm not wrong, but there you go.
Beautiful! And you know the old rubber um keyboard? you know, not that great. no tactile, uh, feedback on those things. They've got the basic commands printed on their list being in key random in cosign tan Peak peek and poke. Oh, those were the days and uh, you can change your color.
blue, red, menta, green, cyan. fantastic true video whatever that is caps lock Graphics mode Oh a beautiful hi Dave I Noticed you have a taste for Sinclair products I do indeed, so please accept this. Sinclair ZX Spectrum 48k Oh massive for display in your Museum I Was hesitant to send it down in its extremely non-working condition, but after seeing your appreciation of the Sinclair TV and the C5 I decided to do it. I have my own Sinclair C5 now is parked down in my parking space down the bottom, but it's a fixer upper unfortunately.
H it's a bit crusty anyway. I've got one on. Proud owner of Sinair C5 now and now I Sinair ZX Spectrum As you may guess, unit is nonfunctional as is the case with the TV you received I have taken a part from this unit to get another ZX Spectrum up and running Parts Taken include the DC Barrel connector, the fan Ula oh, completely gone, two of the High Dam, some of the Um Zex transistors, and the keyboard membrane connectors. Oh man, no.
okay, well it was probably yeah. Dead Begin with he's curious to know why the Trac is on the the bottom of the main board are wrinkly. Hm. let's find out.
Initially thought that maybe the resist coding with flaking off but doesn't appear that way. Well we'll check it out. I Had the pleasure of shaking your hand at the make Affair in Sydney I do remember that and he mentioned this I believe that's the closest any kind of celebrity I've ever been. Think you need to get out more because I'm not a celebrity so thanks for taking the time to chat. I Appreciate, No worries. thank you for uh, introducing yourself at Make Air I do like it when people come up and say hi so thank you very much Brendan let's crack it open I Expect all through hole stuff in here. of course the fan. uh the main fan chip is gone Sinclair were're obsessed with those.
They use them in the Sinclair C5 and bloody everything else you can poke a damn Crow Pro Bat and oh there we go. look at. oh man, there's no solder mask. even look at that.
we've just got 10 plated. Jeez, they saved a couple of cents there. Oh Clive saving the old dollar to to go for sort of. you know, the homemade.
uh you know it's almost like a you know, a home etcher it kind of reminds me of a home etcher kind of thing with the just a tin plating and no solda mask. Oh goodness, but that's actually neatly laid out. We got our RF modulator up here and there's our main oscillator 4.43 6 Mahz. and you know there's the main fan.
We got some memory in here and yeah, he's removed a few things and well, yeah, sucked a few things out. Really quite ugly. the regulator over here that looks a bit dodgy. We have a floater look at that.
just a S Bent 7805 just floating off the board there. They didn't even bother to solder it or screw it down. Ah, good on you. Clive And of course they didn't.
Guild the Lily on the edge connector. literally. I'm quite surprised that Clive decided to spring for silk screen on this stuff. I Mean, you know, really? Oh, pissing away money there? Clive Copyright 1983 Issue 3 But what? Wait, look at the bottom.
We have spared no expense. We've got solder mask. Look at that. Why you do it on the top and not the bottom? I Don't really know.
I Don't get it. but there's the crinkly he's talking about. Let's check it out. And there it is.
Yes, the famous, uh, crinkled ground planes. Very common for the day and the reason for that is because, well, this is all 10 plated tracers. This is not SM OBC or uh, that's the acronym for solder mask over bare copper which they do these days. Back in the old days like this, they used to just, uh, tin a plate all of the part of the manufacturing process.
They just tin plate everything. uh, all the tracers and everything including these ground planes here. And of course, if you've seen the solder cating that you get how they increase, uh, the current handling capacity of solder tracers. by wave flowing, you'll notice that you'll um, you've seen this in previous videos that it you know comes up in like Globs and all sorts of stuff.
So there's obviously tin that builds up and it's not a really nice even surface. And it's not hot air leveled either. which is another uh process so they didn't even bother with that. So what they do is they, uh, tin all of tin the copper on here.
and then they apply the solder mask over the top and the tin. The tinning underneath that is actually so it's not. A lot of people think it's the solder mask crinkling, but it's not. It's actually the tin built up under there which I' scraped that off. we'll be able to see it. So there you go. You can see that the tin is. You know, that's how the tin was actually laid down on the board cuz they didn't bother to level that out.
That happens on large, um, solder masses like this. Large thermal masses like this. That's why you generally won't see. You'll see tiny amounts on the traces there.
You can see little tiny pits there, but generally the smaller traces like that are going to be pretty smooth and you'll get parts of the ground plane that are smooth. But then the process of actually laying the tin on top of the copper just you know, forms all of these you know, Globs and traces and things like that. and then they just coat the solda mask on top. so that's why it's crinkly And the hardware designed for this was done by a guy called Richard Altwasser who worked at Sinclair for a couple of years and then went on to a a computer company.
found a computer company of no note and went bankrupt apparently. So I wonder what he's doing these days? I wonder what he's working on? If anyone knows, hey, maybe he's even watching good on you Richard Anyway, Um, here's the Um NEC D 780c. It's a Z80 uh, equivalent Z80 compatible uh processor of the time. So yes, this is a classic Z80 machine.
And then we've got a Sinclair branded Um Hitari mask ROM here. And yeah, that contains a ROM They didn't even bother sock it in the thing once again, saved a couple of cents on the socket there. So yeah, can't upgrade the bloody firmware in the thing. And of course, most of the Magic's done inside the fan uh Ula or uncommitted logic array in this thing.
And the graphics were simply stunning for the day. Um. text was uh, 32 columns by 24 characters. absolutely hopeless um and uh, 256 by 192 Graphics in like half a dozen colors.
It was yeah, pretty crusty, but hey, you know it was extremely popular for the day. And as with all Sinclair stuff, it was affordable. And the much loathed uh rubberized membrane keyboard here um, there was a chicklet model I think as well, but uh yeah, I I Kind of always liked the look of this. you know I liked just the color of the keys, but I L it coped a lot of flak for it apparently.
and to get it out, you've got a prize off the front bezel like that and that's just all glued down. and uh, Tada we're in like Flynn and there's our complete rubber membrane. Aha right! So they're using just a a two part sandwiched membrane in there. so then they haven't got like the carbon backing on the keys.
the keys are just, uh, just Rubber and that pushes down. ah, we can't even, uh, separate that really? I think that's yet that's molded together as one sheet. So there we go. there's the individual keys I'm not sure how reliable that sucker was though, so that is a quick look inside the Sinclair ZX Spectrum another Clive Sinclair classic and well, yeah, pretty crusty built down to a price, but hey, it was very popular in the UK so you know credit where credits due good on your Clive And thank you very much Brandan for sending in this bit of vintage retro computer technology. We love this stuff here on the Euv. Look.
That asshole is a clown that spectrum it was much scratched >>> Devaluated !
The Sinclair computers were made to be bought and used by people who wanted a working computer, but couldn't afford one. They cut every corner imaginable(whilst still having a fully functional computer) in order to make sure that their computer was at most half the price of their nearest competitor and it worked. Until the Raspberry Pi, the Spectrum was the biggest selling British computer of all time.
When put next to a C64 it looked like absolute shite in build and output, but sold on the fact it cost about 1/3 of the price and kids could play video games on it.
Fun fact: Richard Altwasser and one of his Sinclair colleagues went on to design the Jupiter Ace, which was one of only a handful of microcomputers to use Forth as its default programming language. The Ace was heavily influenced by the ZX81 with its form factor and overall design. Ofc the Ace was a commercial flop, but as you pointed out, Richard went to work for Amstrad in 1986.
If you've still got that Speccy lying around, you should try rebuilding it. There are now reproduction ULAs available, and the other missing components are all off-the-shelf items. Heck, it'd make a fun school holiday project for the kids.
Fantastic. You can tell it's a later version. The first issue didn't have the 4.43MHz crystal. Instead, it used a simple tuned circuit with a trim capacitor. There was a hole in the bottom of the casing so you could put a screw driver in there and adjust it (or I drilled a hole – I can't remember!) As the unit warmed up, the frequency would drift and you'd see the chroma "shimmering" on the screen. I really f**ked up one day (I was just a lad of 16) and damaged it. I found a local repair shop who sent it off to Sinclair and they sent me a replacement for free!
Lovely stuff
1983 – I was 14 and found a 16k ZX Spectrum at Chandler's on the Sunshine Coast. Paid $299 for it from memory!
Судя по голосу дед какой то уже
you sound like coran from voltron
Hmmm… I know this is from 2013, but I'm just watching it… I guess the main reason they did have to use solder mask on the bottom is because everything was wave soldered. You wouldn't want to wave-solder such a PCB without solder mask on… Solder bridges would have been a nightmare…
i somehow think the soldermask at the bottom was standard issue with Kalex 😛 and they didn't leave sinclair much choice… take it or solder your shit together yourself 😛 either that or it was free of charge. also all the Kalex made boards have the bloppy tin all over the place. atari 800xls in as far as they were manufactured by Kalex have it too.
Alan Sugar's Amstrad CPC464 was light years ahead of the Spectrum!…and in a much nicer package too!
The wrinkly underside traces was normal all the original Spectrum 48ks had it.
Note the BASIC keywords on the key tops. They reflect the ingenious internal workings of spectrum basic. Every basic keyword was represented by one byte code from the unused upper half of the ASCII character set. Displaying the keyword was taken care of by the character generator if I remember right. This greatly simplified the interpreter and made program storage very compact.
That 7805 was not normally like that! It was definitely attached to some kind of heat sink in the two of these that I had.
C'mon Dave fixxit..
It's like a “Mailbag"
if didn't class yourself as a celebrity when you made this video, you bloody well are now mate! (2017) Thanks for your enthusiastic and totally compelling videos.
There was no need to ever upgrade the firmware on the rom chip because it worked perfectly well in the first instance.
The ULA is the Ucommited Logic Array.
the finest games ever created…were created for this,the limitations inherent pushed coding into the ether……. damn i lived for my speccy
I had one of these before I got a C64
Can you do anything else rather than putting down every circuit you tear down ? As if you are any great engineer who has worked on any great projects. I cant even watch this for 1 minute.
I did like the rubber keyboard along with some other Speccy-using friends of mine. It was quite fast to type basic when you memorized the keyword placings. The only bad part was the membrane key contacts. After a few years of hard use some keys would go bad. Somehow the white contact material would corrode on one or two of the most used keys (at least one friend had the same problem). I remember I did a DIY repair on the symbol shift key in my Speccy by inserting a copper wire in place of the top membrane and surprisingly it worked for a long time. Then I actually made a full replacement with a PCB with soldered separate momentary switches for each key, and the rubber mat would go on top of that. I still have it.
That 7805 would have been screwed to the board with a heatsink behind it. They weren't floating like that.
That linear regulator wouldn't normally float like that, there was a giant aluminium heatsink it would normally be screwed into.
A celebrity is a Familiar stranger for alot of people. So by that standards you are 🙂
Margaret Thatcher took one of these to Japan, as an example of the UK's technological superiority. Oh the irony.
I don't know if you will reply but I was wondering whether you ever received a working ZX Spectrum? I'm a Spectrum collector and have a number that I am (slowly) repairing. Once I've got them working I should have a spare one to send you, probably an Issue 2 so colour balance may be a bit dodgy, but I may have a spare Issue 4.
7805 was actually screwed to a big heat sink which is missing in this one.
I converted mine to the Spectrum+ keyboard which was ok but you still couldn't type quickly. It was a bit like go faster stripes on slow car.
Very versatile and far exceeded the limitiations it was originally designed for. There was a lot you could squeeze out of that 48k of memory !